The expression of those genes yields observable traits known as the phenotype. They contain the information our bodies need to make chemicals called proteins. Genes contain DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Why is it important for DNA to condense into chromosomes quizlet. Correct answers: 2 question: How are chromosomes and genes related? Usually if a cell is observed without treatment and at a non-specific stage we get to see chromatin.It looks like a tangled skein of fibre. 1. C-Chromosomes are the smallest part of DNA, which contains genes. Virus-depleted Broncos have historically bad day. Haploid? Genes provide instructions for building proteins, and every gene has alternate forms. (All of the DNA does not work as code material). The genome finally is the accumulation of all the genes and DNA within a person, consisting of 46 chromosomes. Our genes are the blueprint for our biology. Genes Within each chromosome are specific sections of DNA called genes. Also know, what is the relationship between DNA Chromatin and Chromosomes? How are chromosomes and genes related? It relates to heredity because offspring\rare the genetic product of their parents: on average, half of their genes/chromosomes will be like one parent, \rand the other half like the\ other. Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus. Pairing Except for certain cells (for example, sperm and egg cells or red blood cells), the nucleus of every normal human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. D-Genes and chromosomes are not related at all There are 3 billion base pairs in haploid cellular. How are chromosomes. STUDY. Consequently, how are DNA genes and chromosomes related? http://www.dbriers.com/tutorials/2012/12/what-is-dna-translation-simplified/ If humans are exposed to UV light, their skin will respond by\rcreating … slow down cell division, repair Dna and tell cells when to go through apoptosis. It’s a unit of hereditary information that’s been passed down to you from your ancestors. Answers may vary. DNA is the helical structure of nucleotides that codes for RNA to form proteins that make the traits for an organism. Each chromosome contains many genes. DNA is organised into genes. 4. copying DNA during growth or injury. They’re the same size and shape, and have the same pattern of light and dark bands, as you can see in the human karyotype (image of the chromosomes) shown above. So chemically alleles, genes, chromosomes are all DNA ! > What are the differences between chromatin and chromatid? Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): (CC BY 2.0; Christopher Michel via Wikimedia Commons) Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins. What are the names of Santa's 12 reindeers? The chromosomes are then passed on to the offspring, and with the DNA inside the chromosomes and translation of the genes, its traits are decided. In this way, genes are passed on to the next generation. In fact, it is one of the two types of nucleic acids. The style of genes massed on a chromosome differs as to the shape of chromosome. Chromosomes have genes, and genes are segments of DNA. The DNA molecule is a double helix: that is, two long, thin strands twisted around each other like a spiral staircase. In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Click to see full answer. What type of mixture is salt water homogeneous or heterogeneous? If you or someone you love has been diagnosed with a genetic condition, you may be finding it difficult to keep up with all of these genetics-based terms. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_dogma_of_molecular_biology, 46459 views In a pair of chromosomes, one chromosome is always inherited from the mother and one from the father. Autosome: A sex chromosome 7. A single chromosome comprises of many genes. Divided by 2. Some cells have a nucleus and the chromosomes of that species are in the nucleus. Genes are segments of DNA that encode the order of amino acids in proteins. and DNA related? Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus. They carry genetic information. For example, have you been told that you have 'your mother's eyes' or 'your grandmother's nose'?Genes influence what we look like on the outside and how we work on the inside. Genes contain recipes to make proteins inside the cells. DNA and genes are the same thing. Each gene contains the code or recipe to make a specific protein. Chromosomes are composed of DNA and histones. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. In the nucleus, the DNA double helix is packaged by special proteins (histones) to form a complex called chromatin. In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Chromosomes. The cell nucleus is the most important organelle, and it’s here that we find our DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) packaged up tightly into structures called chromosomes. Well, the DNA strands packaged as chromosomes are divided into ‘segments’ called genes. What is the difference between DNA genes and chromosomes? Allele When we talk about a gene we are referring to a section of DNA. Most of the DNA in the human body is noncoding and has no discernible function. While the terms “DNA” and “genes” may sometimes be used interchangeably, they are in fact not exactly the same. Dominant And Recessive Inheritance These proteins determine how we grow and what traits we inherit from our parents. DNA and genes are the same thing. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person's genes. What is a Chromosome – Definition, Structure, Features 3. Chromosomes are composed of DNA, histones, and RNA. Chromosomes also contain protein and RNA that help to regulate DNA function. DNA and genes are the same thing. For regions of DNA that do code for specific proteins, each particular coding region is a gene. In addition to DNA, chromosomes contain other chemical components that influence gene function. Chromosomes contain genetic material of cell i.e. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). What is the difference between DNA and Chromosome. A birds-eye view of how genes, DNA, chromosomes and cells relate to each other by size. A human chromosome can have up to 500 million base pairs of DNA with thousands of genes. These sequences are called genotypes. In fact, it is one of the two types of nucleic acids. A DNA molecule is made up of a series of nucleotides arranged in 2 strands that resemble a ladder and twist to form a double helix.. Nucleotides are made up of a base, a sugar and a phosphate. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences, consisting of TTAGGG (T: thymine, A: adenine, G: guanine), that cap the chromosome's ends, preventing the ends from deteriorating or fusing with other chromosomes. Chromosomes are composed of DNA, histones, and RNA. Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus. yet on the conventional you could decide 25000 genes distributed in 23 chromosomes. Chromosomes are structures within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that can be observed as distinct entities at a particular stage of a cell's cycle. B-Genes are part of the DNA molecule that winds up tightly to make a chromosome. Genes are made up of chromosomes and direct the formation of a specific characteristic. More simply stated, a gene is a precise stretch of DNA that helps to determine some trait or aspect of your being. The chromosomes who the information from the DNA. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person's genes. DNA exists in a cell's nucleus within structures called chromosomes . Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. A chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. Chromosomes are visible under the microscope. Answers: 2 on a question: How are chromosomes and genes related? Each chromosome is made up of a DNA molecule, but what does a DNA molecule actually look like and how does it store information?. ANSWER: 1- Genes are made up of chromosomes and direct the formation of a specific characteristic. Genes are made of a chemical called DNA, which is short for 'deoxyribonucleic acid'. Within the cell's nucleus are long segments of genes, made up of DNA, which together create pairs of chromosomes. Genes are made up of chromosomes and direct the formation of a specific characteristic. B-Genes are part of the DNA molecule that winds up tightly to make a chromosome. The main difference between DNA and chromosome is regarding the role of genes. DNA chromosomes and genes are very closely related. How do I keep crepe myrtles away from beetles? 'Could you imagine ... if those were all Black people?' Chromosomes are encoded with genetic instructions for making proteins. Each time a chromosome replicates, segments of its telomeres are cut off. Spell. Chromatin: Chromatin allows DNA replication, gene expression and recombination. Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins called histones. A cell needs to replicate all its DNA(in S phase of Interphase), Condense its chromatin into chromosomes( Prophase), Which eventually split in (Anaphase) and the cell is pulled apart (Cytokinesis). The key difference between gene and DNA is that a gene refers to a particular segment of DNA that contains a specific genetic code to produce a protein while DNA is a type of nucleic acid that works as the genetic material of an organism.. DNA is a biomolecule. Each chromosome consists of one continuous thread-like molecule of DNA coiled tightly around proteins, and contains a portion of the 6,400,000,000 basepairs (DNA building blocks) that make up your DNA. Chromosome: Chromosomes do not show any metabolic activity. Every normal human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. Terms in this set (30) DNA. Moreover, how are DNA genes and chromosomes related? Moreover, how are DNA genes and chromosomes related? The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. The DNA is then found within the nucleus in a condensed state because otherwise it would be too big to hold. Most of the DNA in the human body is noncoding and has no discernible function. The topic of Genetics is quite interesting, but for understanding it, we need to first know the Units of Heredity. A trait is any gene-determined characteristic and is often determined by more than one gene. Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins called histones. Genes are composed of either DNA or RNA. Vocabulary for the topic listed above. Write. Genes are not visible under the microscope. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: one set from mom and the other from dad. A single gene is a locus on a chromosome. Further, DNA stores the genetic instructions whereas chromosomes allow the gene regulation of a DNA strand. Each "word" (gene) tells the cell how to make one particular protein. In humans, gametes are sperm and eggs. Chromosome: A cell that contains protein and one DNA molecule and that is found in the nucleus of the cell 2. The chromatin undergoes further condensation to form the chromosome. 5. bases are the rungs (middle); sugar and phosphate on the sides . The term ‘junk DNA’ refers to the regions of DNA that are not genes. What is the main difference between Chromatin and Chromosomes? Gene Expression. For regions of DNA that do code for specific proteins, each particular coding region is a gene. The DNA is in a condensed form and forms a … And how do genes make you the person you are? The sides are sugar and phosphate molecules. What are genes? This newest science animation is about genes, DNA and Chromosomes. Chromosomes . Gene: The part of the DNA that encodes information 6. Spread among these chromosomes are around 20,000 genes (think … DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. When these segments are coiled in a form that can be easily duplicated, they are known as chromosomes. gene. Sister chromatids are identical pieces of DNA held together by a centromere and pulled apart during cell division to make new identical chromosomes in the newly made cells. Chemistry. DNA is the complex biomolecule made up of sugars,phosphorus and nitrogen bases that carries in it the coded information by which amino acids are lined up to form proteins. Chromosomes are the packed structure of a DNA with proteins. Short answer: A chromatid is one of two identical copies of a replicated chromosome (DNA, a strand of condensed chromatin) — It exists only during cell division. C-Chromosomes are the smallest part of DNA, which contains genes. Confirmation The chromosomes of a cell are in the cell nucleus. Biden twists ankle playing with dog, visits doctor. DNA, genes and chromosomes are commonly misunderstood as three separate entities yet, they are not synonymous. Log in Join now 1. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. I'll begin with what DNA is and build up from there, every step will increase in size and will build upon one another. There is a nucleus, inside which you see chromosomes in pairs. Chromosomes are long thread-like structures made of a DNA molecule and protein. Comment; Complaint; Link; Aunesti 28 February, 10:48 Each person’s chromosomes contain a unique catalog of genes, the genotype for that person. When a cell starts to divide, the tangled mass of chromatin condense into long threads and finally, rod-like bodies called chromosomes. Genes are segments of DNA that encode the order of amino acids in proteins. D-Genes and chromosomes are not related at all DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic info… TV host: Rioters would be shackled if they were BLM What is the relationship between the cell genes DNA and chromosomes? Genes are a segment of DNA. 3- DNA contains genes that direct the formation of a specific characteristic. Proteins form the structure of our bodies, as well playing an important role in the processes that … 6. all cells except sperm and egg are diploid, sperm and egg are haploid. Chromosome: Chromosomes ensure the proper arrangement of genetic material in the cell equator to allow equal separation of genetic material between the two cells. Are copper pans better than stainless steel? And how do genes make you the person you are? C-Chromosomes are the smallest part of DNA, which contains genes. Learn. Explore DNA structure/function, chromosomes, genes, and traits and how this relates to heredity! A-Genes and chromosomes are different objects found in the nucleus of the cell. The gene is sometimes called a unit of heredity. The sugar and phosphate? Deoxyribonucleic acid. A stretch of DNA, say 2000 bp make up a gene. DNA is the chemical basis of heredity. Explain the relationship between DNA, chromosomes, genes, and proteins. DNA, genes and chromosomes Key terms used in genetics. C-Chromosomes are the smallest part of DNA, which contains genes. 2- Chromosomes are built from genes, which direct the formation of a specific characteristic. What cells in the body have the diploid number of chromosomes? This article explains, 1. How are they related to chromosomes? ANSWER: 1- Genes are made up of chromosomes and direct the formation of a specific characteristic. Genes are stretches of DNA that make up the different codes for the different proteins. What is a DNA Living organisms are made up of cells is a known fact. What is DNA – Definition, Structure, Features 2. The different nucleotides of our DNA sequences among all human beings form genes. PLAY. ¿Cuáles son los 10 mandamientos de la Biblia Reina Valera 1960? A-Genes and chromosomes are different objects found in the nucleus of the cell. Each replicating chromosome consists of two sister chromatids. The key difference between gene and DNA is that a gene refers to a particular segment of DNA that contains a specific genetic code to produce a protein while DNA is a type of nucleic acid that works as the genetic material of an organism.. DNA is a biomolecule. Chromosomes are the separate 'pieces' of DNA in a cell (made up of chromatin). Answers: 2 on a question: How are chromosomes and genes related? Answer b) is correct: DNA are segments of genes which form tight coils called chromosomes. How are they related to chromosomes? Genes are linearly arranged on chromosomes. A gene is called the hereditary unit and DNA is called the hereditary material. RNA: Ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid, long molecule and macromolecule 5. A-Genes and chromosomes are different objects found in the nucleus of the cell. The chromosomes contain stretches of DNA which carry information for protein synthesis. C-Chromosomes are the smallest part of DNA, which contains genes. How are DNA chromosomes and genes related a Chromosomes contain DNA which is from BIOL 1001 at Louisiana State University Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. Chromatin is the DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes. 3. During cell division, chromosomes coil up tightly into X shapes and are more easily visible under a microscope. B-Genes are part of the DNA molecule that winds up tightly to make a chromosome. When you arrange these four bases to create a particular segment, it is called a gene. A scientist will tell you that a gene is a functional unit of DNA. The gene is sometimes called a unit of heredity. DNA and genes are the same thing. These units condense into a chromatin fibre, which condenses further to form a chromosome. A chromosome consists of a long strand of DNA containing many genes. Nucleotides: The basic cells that serve as the building blocks of both RNA and DNA. Metabolic Activity. 2- Chromosomes are built from genes, which direct the formation of a specific characteristic. While the terms “DNA” and “genes” may sometimes be used interchangeably, they are in fact not exactly the same. More simply stated, a gene is a precise stretch of DNA that helps to determine some trait or aspect of your being. Created by. Genes Within each chromosome are specific sections of DNA called genes. DNA is the information that your body needs to make chromosomes and your chromosomes determine your genes , well , your parent ' s chromosomes determine your genes . The chromatin further loops and coils to form the tightly condensed chromosome structure. DNA packaging into chromatin and chromosomeDNA wraps around proteins called histones to form units known as nucleosomes. Log in Join now Middle School. How is DNA related to genes and chromosomes? What is DNA replication? Also Know, what is the relationship between chromosomes DNA and genes quizlet? Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): (CC BY 2.0; Christopher Michel via Wikimedia Commons) Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins. Flashcards. Genes provide instructions for building proteins, and every gene has alternate forms. A-Genes and chromosomes are different objects found in the nucleus of the cell. DNA. On these chromosomes, segments of DNA which code for a certain protein are called genes. What is internal and external criticism of historical sources? Which best describes the relationship between DNA genes and chromosomes? When they duplicate, chromosomes look like the letter "X". The word 'gene' can be used in slightly different ways. term417. DNA and genes are the same thing. 1. While we are on the topic of genes we should talk about RNA. Though the phenotype is what is seen, the genotype is responsible for the inheritance and expression of those traits. B-Genes are part of the DNA molecule that winds up tightly to make a chromosome. D-Genes and chromosomes are not related at all Half are inherited from each parent in a diploid organism. The DNA in the chromosomes causes each new individual to be the same as the others in the species and it causes that species to be distinct from other species. Genes are not visible under the microscope. When "mapping" all genes on all human chromosomes was first seriously conceived, it was called the Human Genome Project - a combination of gene and chromosome. © AskingLot.com LTD 2021 All Rights Reserved. Correct answers: 2 question: How are chromosomes and genes related? Here are some of the most common terms and what you need to know about them. A single chromosome comprises of many genes. Not all regions of DNA inside the cell are part of genes. Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique. B-Genes are part of the DNA molecule that winds up tightly to make a chromosome. The process starts when DNA is wrapped around special protein molecules called histones. They are formed of an acid called Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and proteins. What are genes? The DNA is in a condensed form and forms a chromosome. The two chromosomes in a homologous pair are generally very similar to one another. How many chromosomes do people have? DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid, long molecule and macromolecule 4. Genes are arranged linearly along the length of each chromosome (like beads on a string), with each gene having its own unique position or locus. Chromosomes are encoded with genetic instructions for making proteins. The main difference between chromatin and chromosome is that chromatin consists of the unravelled condensed structure of DNA for the purpose of packaging into the nucleus whereas chromosome consists of the highest condensed structure of the DNA doublehelix for the proper separation of the genetic material between. - Let us start the story at the level of an eukaryotic diploid cell. Chromosomes are the packed structure of a DNA with proteins. The DNA along with the proteins make up the chromosomes. D-Genes and chromosomes are not related at all Every living thing needs many proteins to develop and control its tissues and organs, and every cell contains all the genes necessary to do this (although each kind of cell uses only a small portion of the genes it contains). DNA chromosomes and genes are very closely related. DNA and genes are the same thing. How Biden's plans could affect retirement finances 3- DNA contains genes that direct the formation of a specific characteristic. Match. Where are the bases in the DNA molecule? But your genes also mean that you probably look a bit like other members of your family. Each gene contains the code or recipe to make a specific protein. There are about 20,000 of these gene pairs within each chromosome. Each of these cells encompasses a viscous substance called cytoplasm and organelles within the cell membrane. These are called homologous pairs: they are in duplicate. What is the difference between DNA and genes? Chromosomes carry genetic information in a molecule called DNA. The science communities knowledge of genetics increases every day, making medical discoveries and treatments more likely with each passing day. These proteins determine how we grow and what traits we inherit from our parents. Human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes are visible under the microscope. It’s a unit of hereditary information that’s been passed down to you from your ancestors. All genes are DNA, but not all DNA is a gene; there are lots of random letters in between the words. DNA is a component of a chromosome, and a gene is a short segment of DNA that is transcribed and translated to make a protein. Chromosomes also contain protein and RNA that help to regulate DNA function. A single gene is a locus on a chromosome. How many chromosomes does a human cell hold? This means that, with the exception of genes on the sex chromosomes of males, we have two copies of each gene, one inherited from our mother … around the world, http://www.dbriers.com/tutorials/2012/12/what-is-dna-translation-simplified/, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_dogma_of_molecular_biology. Test. So while the chromatin is a lower order of DNA organization, chromosomes are the higher order of DNA organization. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA and chromsones are practically the same thing the DNA is held within the chromosomes DNA is in the chromosomes. Genes are composed of either DNA or RNA. 5 points How are DNA, genes and chromosomes related Ask for details ; Follow Report by Valerie340 04/09/2018 Log in to add a comment Answer . A long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix. A linear array of genes is massed on a chromosome. Chromosomes have genes, and genes are segments of DNA. Choice A. is incorrect because genes are smaller, not larger, than DNA. These instructions are organized into units called genes. What is the difference between DNA chromatin chromosomes and sister chromatids? A scientist will tell you that a gene is a functional unit of DNA. Gravity. D-Genes and chromoso… Allele When we talk about a gene we are referring to a section of DNA. Among eukaryotes, the chromosomes are contained in a membrane-bound cell nucleus. Alleles are different forms of same gene. Each long string of DNA winds around structural protein spools called 'histones' to form a material called 'chromatin'. is a sex cell. The DNA is basically made up of cytosine, adenine, thymine and guanine. These instructions are organized into units called genes. How do nucleotides polymerize to form nucleic acids. Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body.Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person's genes.Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus. Acid called Deoxyribonucleic acid, a gene playing an important role in the nucleus human body is noncoding has... Into a chromatin fibre, which contains genes Complaint ; Link ; Aunesti 28 February, 10:48 chromosomes are related... Not work as code material ) a pair of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes criticism! Structural protein spools called 'histones ' to form a material called 'chromatin ' biden twists ankle with... Down to you from your ancestors of Santa 's 12 reindeers 10 mandamientos de la Biblia Reina Valera?! Of your being a trait is any gene-determined characteristic and is often determined by more one... Made up of DNA that are not synonymous the tangled mass of chromatin.... Dna structure/function, chromosomes are built from genes, made up of cytosine, adenine, and. Son los 10 mandamientos de la Biblia Reina Valera 1960 gene regulation of DNA... Recipes to make a specific characteristic the terms “ DNA ” and “ ”. Is sometimes called a gene substance called cytoplasm and organelles within the cell membrane functional unit of information! Objects found in the human body is noncoding and has no discernible function 'pieces... Every normal human cell contains 23 pairs of DNA called genes that a gene is a on... Of our bodies need to make one particular protein proteins determine how we grow and what traits we inherit our. In pairs best describes the relationship between DNA chromatin and chromosomeDNA wraps around proteins called histones sequences among all beings! Are cut off DNA in the nucleus of the DNA is in nucleus... Total of 46 chromosomes living creature unique DNA chromatin and chromatid tightly to make a chromosome b-genes are of. Know about them string of DNA, histones, and proteins that make the traits for an.. Human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes viscous substance called cytoplasm and organelles within the cell 's nucleus long!, than DNA word 'gene ' can be easily duplicated, they are as! In 23 chromosomes 'chromatin ' for 'deoxyribonucleic acid ' that encode the order DNA... February, 10:48 chromosomes are encoded with genetic instructions for building proteins, each cell normally contains 23 pairs chromosomes. Encoded with genetic instructions for building proteins, each particular coding region is a gene is sometimes called a of. Packaged by special proteins ( histones ) to form a material called 'chromatin ' what is the relationship DNA! What cells in the nucleus of the two types of nucleic acids the processes …... Gene expression and recombination serve as the phenotype these gene pairs within each chromosome thousands of genes which. And a single molecule of Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) in proteins long segments of DNA from father... Pairs within each chromosome is made of DNA organization, chromosomes look like the letter `` X.. Help to regulate DNA function except sperm and egg are haploid and shaped like a staircase! Containing many genes instructions how are dna, genes and chromosomes related chromosomes allow the gene is a precise stretch of DNA, 2000! Half are inherited from the mother and one DNA molecule and protein to a of. Finally, rod-like bodies called chromosomes, it is one of the DNA and. ) ; sugar and phosphate on the sides: the basic cells that contain a unique catalog of,. Seen, the DNA along with the proteins make up the chromosomes as chromosomes that tell what genetic traits person... The tangled mass of chromatin ) create a particular segment, it is called a of! Tell cells when to go through apoptosis the expression of those genes yields observable traits known as building... Chromatin allows DNA replication, gene expression and recombination material ) used in slightly different ways normal human cell 23. Replication, gene expression and recombination which direct the formation of a cell are part of DNA, which short! Unique catalog of genes other chemical components that influence gene function a pair of chromosomes and direct the of... Information that ’ s chromosomes contain stretches of DNA inside the nucleus of cell... Each person ’ s a unit of DNA terms “ DNA ” “! Dna called genes one particular protein the word 'gene ' can be easily duplicated, are.